Use this study guide to review the main concepts and vocabulary words from each module.

Download a copy of the study guide: Exam 2 Study Guide.docx

Module 4: Microbes

Chapter 21: Viruses

Main Concepts

What are viruses? Are they considered alive? Why or why not?

Basic steps for a virus to replicate itself inside of a host cell

Common structure of viruses, type of genetic material

Major stages of lytic and lysogenic cycle of bacteriophages- what are the main differences between the cycles?

Vocabulary

Prophage

Bacteriophage

Capsid and Capsomere

acute disease

budding

cell necrosis

chronic infection

envelope

latency

lysis

pathogen

virus core

Chapter 22: Prokaryotes

Main Concepts

Primary Characteristics/Types of Organisms of Domain Archaea

Primary Characteristics/Types of Organisms in Domain Bacteria

Type of Reproduction in Prokaryotes

Methods for Genetic Recombination in Bacteria

Roles of Bacteria in Ecosystems- why are they important?

Vocabulary

Extremophiles

Conjugation

Transformation

Transduction

Binary Fission

Symbiosis

Parasite

Pathogen

anaerobic

anoxic

antibiotic

biological nitrogen fixation

bioremediation

biotechnology

capsule

chemotroph

decomposer

nitrogen fixation

phototroph

pilus

zoonosis

Chapter 23: Protists

Main Concepts

Which domain are protists in? What type of cells are they?

6 Supergroups of Eukarya- which groups only have protists? Which groups contain protists + plants, animals, or fungi?

Types of Symbiotic Relationships Between Protists and Hosts- what are the potential effects on host?

Roles of Protists in Ecosystems

Vocabulary

Mixotrophic

Autotrophic

Heterotrophic

endosymbiosis

endosymbiotic theory

plankton

plastid

test

Module 5: Fungi

Chapter 24: Fungi

Main Concepts

Basic Structures of Fungi, different body forms, purpose of hyphae, mycelium, septa

Types of Mycorrhizae

Role of Fungi as symbionts and decomposers

Vocabulary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Ectomycorrhizae

ascocarp

basidiocarp

basidium

coenocytic hypha

commensalism

facultative anaerobes

haustoria

hypha

karyogamy

lichen

mold

mycelium

mycorrhizae

mycosis

mycotoxicosis

obligate aerobes

obligate anaerobes

parasitism

plasmogamy

saprobe

septa

sporangium

spore

thallus

yeast

zygospore